Colonies
Negotiated Independance
India was ruled by the British government and administered by a few members of the Indian Civil Service. The British men believed it was their duty to protect the Indian people from the dangers of industrialization and defend their position from Indian nationalist.
Most Indians accepted British rule, they learned English, ideas of freedom, and a representative government. With this in mind, the racial attitude towards dark-skinned people offended the Indians and realized that they have been excluding them from the Indian Civil Service . In the 1920's, the British slowly handed over control of education, the economy, and public works to the Indians; they also slowly started accepting more Indians into the Civil Service. Muhammad Ali Jinnah was the leader of the Muslim league and he wanted to fight for what most Muslims wanted, a country called Pakistan just for Muslims. Jinnah and Nehru came into confrontation and caused violent riots between the Muslims and Hindus. The Indian National congress accepted the partition of India becoming two states in 1947, then on August 15 British India gave way to a new India and Pakistan. |
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Mohandas "Mahatma" Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi was a leader for India's independence movement, in which he showed peaceful methods of civil disobedience. In 1921, Gandhi gave up western style clothing and began to where an Indian garb. Although this act may not seem much, it symbolized the act of returning to Indian traditions and becoming independent from the west, specifically the British. In 1930, Gandhi took a group of people to the beach, where they camped and collected sea salt, this was a protest against the British monopoly on salt. His peaceful methods became very influential throughout the world as other leaders like Nelson Mandela and Martin Luther King JR. used the similar methods of civil disobedience.